Robot comparisons
Factory and Warehouse Humanoid Robots: Deployment Evidence
Evidence-ranked factory and warehouse humanoid programs, named workflows, integration differences, sources, methodology, and buyer diligence.
Warehouses have the clearest commercial workflow; factories have the broadest named customer experimentation
Digit at GXO is the strongest public warehouse benchmark in this cohort. BMW Figure 02 is the strongest factory benchmark. Most other programs remain customer pilots, limited projects or internal deployments.
Documented industrial programs
The table is ranked by evidence type, not company claims, funding or demo quality.
| Robot | Environment | Named site | Workflow | Evidence | Database status | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DigitAgility Robotics | Warehouse | GXO / SPANX fulfillment, Flowery Branch, Georgia | Move totes from AMRs to conveyors in a managed logistics cell. | Commercial deployment | deployedCommercial deployments and pilots across GXO, Amazon, Toyota, Schaeffler, and Mercado Libre contexts; Agility cites more than $300M in booked multi-year RaaS revenue tied to roughly 1,000 robots | Agility Robotics Agility Robotics |
| Figure 02Figure AI | Factory | BMW Plant Spartanburg body shop | Insert sheet-metal parts for welding during ten-hour production shifts. | Completed named production deployment | pilotBMW Spartanburg 2025 body-shop pilot supporting 30,000+ BMW X3 vehicles | BMW Group |
| Figure 03Figure AI | Factory logistics | BMW Plant Spartanburg Hall 52 | Sequence variable parts and manipulate carts with whole-body control. | Named customer project | pilotBMW Plant Spartanburg Hall 52 logistics sequencing project announced June 2026; no public consumer purchase or residential delivery date disclosed | Figure AI |
| Walker SUBTECH Robotics | Factory and logistics | Chinese automotive and industrial customer programs | Handling, sorting, assembly, material movement and quality inspection. | Field trials and small-batch contract | deployedDeployed at FAW-Volkswagen factory and China Post Guangzhou logistics hub (1,200 parcels/hr) | UBTECH Robotics |
| ApolloApptronik | Factory and warehouse | Mercedes-Benz manufacturing and GXO logistics programs | Deliver kits and totes, inspect parts, move boxes and support picking/scanning research. | Commercial agreements / pilots | pilotMercedes-Benz manufacturing pilot plus Apollo 2 Robot Park and customer-site data-collection fleet | Apptronik Apptronik |
| Optimus Gen 2 / Gen 3Tesla | Factory | Tesla internal manufacturing program | Internal material handling and factory-task development. | Internal pilot; no external customer proof | pilotInternal Tesla factory pilot program; Gen 3/next-generation Optimus coverage tracked separately in Biped articles | Canonical record only |
Why the environment changes the winning design
Warehouses reward orchestration and throughput across AMRs, conveyors, totes and software. Factories demand tighter accuracy, machine safety, quality controls and process integration.
How industrial evidence is ranked
- 1. Require a named customer, site, workflow or official filing.
- 2. Rank measured commercial operation above production projects, pilots, internal programs and demos.
- 3. Join research annotations to canonical robot records by ID.
- 4. Never convert a partnership or highlight video into a fleet-scale deployment claim.
Primary sources
Digit commercial deployment at GXOAgility Robotics — Multi-year RaaS agreement and tote transfer from AMRs to conveyors.Digit moves more than 100,000 totesAgility Robotics — Measured commercial warehouse workload milestone.BMW Figure 02 production resultsBMW Group — Ten-month Spartanburg production deployment, shifts and 30,000 BMW X3 vehicles.Figure 03 arrives at BMWFigure AI — BMW Hall 52 logistics sequencing workflow and loco-manipulation scope.Apollo and Mercedes-Benz commercial agreementApptronik — Manufacturing pilot for kit delivery, inspection and tote movement.Apollo logistics program with GXOApptronik — Warehouse R&D program for boxes, totes, picking and scanning.UBTECH 2025 interim reportUBTECH Robotics — Multi-robot industrial field trials, production-line tasks and small-batch purchase contract.Robotic systems for smart manufacturingNational Institute of Standards and Technology — U.S. measurement science, integration, performance and safe collaborative manufacturing priorities.